Centrifugal separator for liquids



- v(No Model.)

D. J. DAVIS. GENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR POR LIQUIDS.

No. 521,104. Patented June 5 l894.

AL L1 wAsux UNITED raras ATENT relic.

DANIEL J. DAVIS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR FOR LIQUIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 521,104, dated June 5, 1894.

Application nea Novemberlrises. serihrafieoes. naman.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL J. DAVIS, of- Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in Centrifugal Separatore for Liquids, of which I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description, sufficient to enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same.

The details of structure usual to one type of the invention will appear from the descr1ption following and the improvements be thereafter more distinctly pointed out by claims at the conclusion thereof.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of the specification like 'parts are denoted by like designation throughout.

Figure l is a view of the centrifugal separator and its tier-pans in vertical section. Fig. 2 is a cross-section view at line 2-2 of Fig. l With the reservoir discharge pipe removed.

The inclosing safety-cage -A is provided as usual with box-bearing afor the neck of driving-axle B which latter conveniently carriesv the base c of the revolving drum or bowl C. The main wall of the drum is here shown in cylindrical form with the base c threaded thereto and at its opposite end the drum terminates in a neck-piece D shouldered as appears and threaded to the vertical part of the wall. At a suitable point in the neck below its throat an outlet is provided which as here shown consists of a hollow screw plug d threaded to a hole in the neck; lsaid plug having a counter-sunk mouth and being rounded at its outer end to afford better clearance for the liquid discharge. By adjusting the plug CZ in or out it presents more or less obstruction and thereby regulates the out Iiow. Within the neck of the bowl and interspaced therefrom so as to afford a free passage or channel substantially around the whole circuit of the vessel is a separating dome E which conveniently conforms in shape to the taper of the neck and shoulder of the vessel and is snugly inclosed by the throat of said neck beyond the vent hole ol. The dome and neck are here shown threaded together at the throat with stop-flanges e between said parts. The flanges serve to position the dome and neck in interspaced relation so as to leave al slight and practically continuous inlet f where the edge of the dome comes next to the wall of the bowl. Such an inlet enables the skimmilk to be drawn away equally and evenly at all points of the circuit. Disturbing crosscurrent's which ensue when leading tubes extend y'at one or more points into the skim-milk zone are quite eliminated. The separated skim-milk iiows freely into the interspaced channel without annoying influx or spurts of cream. The latter being exposed to no local induction keeps its place and preserves the integrity'of its zone unimpaired. On rising to the outlet d the skim-milk escapes from the bowl; the'neck and dome affordingacommon chamber between them into which the Whole of the skim-milk is drawn and from which it discharges. The snug joint between dome and neck beyond the outlet d closes the chamber and compels the skim-milk to escape at the outlet.

The relation of the domeE inthe bowl-neck enables the cream to rise clear and away after its separation until it finally clears theinset ledge g in the crown of the dome and enters the chamber h at the dome cap. The ledge g preferably has a notch or slit at one point, the radial depth of which is controlled by an adj ustingscrew t' projected through the dome wall. A discharge port k leads from chamber h and affords a vent for the cream into its receiving tray.

By making the domeE detachable from the bowl these parts are easily separated and become fully accessiblel not only forwashing but for free exposure throughout to sunlight and air. What is even more important, the structural relation is such as to enable the dome to be remounted again with entire accuracy even by the ordinary operator at the dairy.

In general practice, when bent tubes are used which lead the skim-milk from the vessel interior to discharge ports in the bowlneck, the tubes are set at the factory and soldered in fixed position. By such expedient the bowl can thereafter be nicely balanced, the tubes be securely held against chance displacement under the enormous centrifugal' force prevailing while the soldered joint pret vents the leak escape of cream around the comes unbalanced which at high speeds exposes the attendants to great dangers and completely destroys the precision of separation. The free exposure of the tubes to sunlight is never attained while the cleansing of the tortuous passages by the aid of special brushes is troublesome and oftentimes ineffi` cient. Thesame objections apply,if attempt be made as heretofore proposed, to use an interspaced dome soldered permanently to the bow1-neck or else cast in one piece therewith. To balance the drum with its parts in ruiming position is a bit of factory expert work of the utmost nieety. Once effected, the slightest deviation thereafter, becomes a source of untold mischief through the intensive action of centrifugal force. For which reason, the interspaced dome equally with the bent tubes has `been permanently set in place and could not be thoroughly cleansed nor be left to the purifying eifect of the sun.

The present improvement enables the sep` arating dome on removal to be restored again quickly to position with entire exactitude. The stops interposed between the dome and the Vessel-wall determine the interspace limit and maintain the dome at even poise. In revolution, the tendency of the dome to creep upward is checked by the stops so that proper interspace for delivery of the skiminilk is insured. The relation of the dome joint at `the throatof the dru m-neck keeps the bowl practically tight and `no leak can there occur such as would otherwise diminish the regular discharge of the cream at its port in keeping with a given volume of skim-milk escaping at the outlet appropriate thereto.

By threading the dome joint, the turning of the drnin tightens the dome to position and so far aids in holding the parts snugly together, keeps the machine balanced and operates to more certainly prevent leakage.

The circular pans or trays Z, m, to receive the separated skim-milk and cream on discharge from the vessel are mounted as usual in tiers t'. e., above each other, about the bowlneck and are sustained upon the safety jacket A. The bottoms of the trays are inclined for drainage into the tubes n, o, while their tops by being inclined also, serve as baffies to arrest the iiying skim-milk and cream as these are projected radially through the holes d, k.` The liquids fall :in thin streams or sheets onto the tray bottoms and heretofore have been exposed to the iniux of counter air currents which in the case of the cream especially has aerified it and rendered it foamy.7`

open at for free admission of air. .When the vessel revolves theoverlianglippbeing farther from the center exerts a certain force upon the surrounding air superior to that exerted by the adjacent part-s of the neck and dome. Thereupon the currenttoward the rim of the lip both from above and below. Air is drawn in at the openings t, q, and along with the cream passes in saine direction out of thetray at the tube o. The air no longer {iows counter to the cream so that the latter becomes much less foainy in consequence. The inflow of air at the top opening t suiices to clear the lid of the upper tray from adherent. cream While the inflow at opening q into said tray prevents portions of the `cream from escaping into the lower tray which heretofore was apt to occur when the set of the air current was in opposite direction, t. e.,\fr om the cream into the milk pan through opening q. In-l1ke fashion the lesser lip fr insuresclearance. for the skim-milk to preventits leak escape into the dead-air space existing beneath between the bowl and the jacket. A trap u in `the skim-milk spout checks ingress of air at that point and enables the ledge p. to perform its function more certainly in directing the air ont at the cream spout o.

The reservoir F is mounted in usual fasliion above the machineand has its discharge pipe F opening into the tapering feed-tube v. Said tube extends through a bearing in the cap of the separating domeE being positioned `thereby and at its opposite end is sustained by a spider w set within a recess `at the bowl bottom. The tube thus passes through the neck and `body of the vessel from end `to end and delivers its supply into the sunken seat for spider iu from `which it overfiows into the main part of the bowl. Radial wings w secured to a ring y are retained in place within the vessel and act, as well known, to compel the revolution of the .liquid contents in conjunction with the retaining drum.

The improvements have been described as for use in a dairy centrifugal but they are of equal advantage for the separation of any other two liquids of diiterent specilic gravity. It is also obvious that the detailsof structure can be varied according to the skill of the mechanic without essential departure from the invention.

Having thus described the invention, `what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In centrifugal separators for liquids, the combination with the drum having an elongated neck with an outlet therein, of the rcmovable separating dome inclosed liquidtight but detachably by said neck beyond the outlet thereof and interspaced from the drumwall by a suitable stop whereby "a free channel is established from the drum interior `to the outlet at the neck, substantially as described.

2. In centrifugal separators for liquids, the

tendency is to induce an air IOO combination with the drum having anl elonv gated neck with an outlet therein, of the re-y movable separating dome detachably thread- 'ed to said neck beyond the outlet and provided With a stopiiange to interspace it from the'wall whereby a free channel is established from the drum interior to the outlet at the neck, substantially as described.

3. In centrifugal separators for liquids, the combination with the drum having an elongated neck with an outlet therein, of the removable separating dome detachably threaded to said neck beyond the outlet and provided With a stop-flange to interspace it from the Wall whereby a free channel is established from the drum interior to the outlet at the as described.

DANIEL J. DAVIS. YWitnesses:

Guo. P. FISHER, Jr., ALBERTA ADAMICK. 

